How does cannabis primarily affect the central nervous system?

Cannabis primarily affects the central nervous system through its interaction with cannabinoid receptors. These receptors, primarily CB1 and CB2, are part of the endocannabinoid system, which plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological and cognitive processes. When cannabinoids, such as THC and CBD, bind to these receptors, they can modulate neurotransmitter release, impacting mood, memory, pain perception, and other functions.

The cannabinoid receptors are strategically located throughout the brain and spinal cord, allowing cannabis to alter the way signals are processed in the central nervous system. This ability to influence neurotransmission is why cannabis can produce various effects, such as euphoria, relaxation, or relief from pain and inflammation.

The other options do not accurately capture the primary mechanism of cannabis within the central nervous system. While increasing neurotransmitter production might occur as a secondary response, the direct interaction with cannabinoid receptors is the critical element that defines how cannabis exerts its effects. Blocking all pain signals is not a nuanced description of the pain management capabilities of cannabis; rather, it modulates pain perception through its receptor activity. Enhancing the immune response is not a direct effect of the central nervous system; cannabinoids primarily influence mood and sensory processing rather than serving as immune enhancers.