Which of the following factors affects the potency of cannabis?

The potency of cannabis is significantly influenced by several key factors, and the correct answer encompasses the most critical of these elements. Genetics plays a foundational role, as different cannabis strains have varying levels of cannabinoids, such as THC and CBD, which are responsible for the potency and effects of the plant.

Growing conditions, including light exposure, temperature, humidity, and soil quality, directly impact the plant's ability to produce these cannabinoids. Ideal conditions can enhance potency, while suboptimal conditions may hinder cannabinoid production.

Harvest time is also crucial; cannabis plants reach peak potency at specific times, and harvesting too early or too late can result in lower cannabinoid levels. Lastly, the curing process, which follows harvesting, allows for the breakdown of chlorophyll and the enhancement of flavor and potency through chemical changes, further impacting the final product.

In contrast, the other choices lack the same level of relevance to potency. While the color of the plant and shape of the leaves can indicate some health aspects or strain characteristics, they do not directly correlate with potency. The type of water used may affect plant health but is less influential than genetic and environmental factors. Similarly, the number of leaves on the plant is not a reliable indicator of cannabinoid levels; rather, it's